Health and Family Welfare Programmes in India

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  • The first country to launch Family Planning Programme in the World is India (1952).
  • National family welfare programme was launched in the year, 1951.
  • The committee constituted to form a frame work for integration of health and medical services is Kartar Singh Committee (1973).
  • The National Anti Malaria Programme is the biggest Health Programme conducted in the world against a single communicable disease.
  • The National Tuberculosis Control Programme (NTCP) was launched in 1962.
  • The National Filaria Control Programme was implemented in 1955.
  • The National Leprosy Control Programme (NLCP) was started for the control of leprosy in 1955.
  • The National Leprosy Eradication Programme (NLEP) was started for the control of leprosy in 1983.
  • National Programme for the Control of Blindness was started in 1976.
  • National Mental Health Programme was started in 1982.
  • The National Cancer Control Programme was introduced in the period of 1975-1976 with the aim of primary safety, early finding, treatment and remedy.
  • Universal Health Insurance Scheme : It is a community based scheme that would offer health protection and good medical services to the less privileged.
  • Central Health Education Bureau (CHEB): CHEB is located in New Delhi is an apex institution launched on 6th December I956, under Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS), Govt. of Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, for the health education and awareness in the country.
  • Rashtriya Arogya Nidhi (RAW) : It was previously known as National Illness Assistance Fund (NIAF) was set up under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in 1997. It provides immediate financial assistance to patients living below the poverty line.
  • NACO is National AIDS Control organisation. NACO was launched in 1991
  • Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and drugless therapies like Yoga and Naturopathy are the Indian Systems of Medicines.
  • National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) was launched by Govt. of India to address the health needs of people in rural areas. The National Rural Health mission was started in 12th April 2005.
  • The 108 Ambulance Service was launched by NRHM.
  • Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) are trained women community health volunteers who will reinforce community action for universal immunization, safe delivery, the care of the new born prevention of water borne and infectious diseases, better nutrition and encouragement of household hygienic toilets.
  • Pulse Polio Immunization programme was launched in 1995. It aims at total eradication of polio from the country. Children in the age grow 0-5 years are ad-ministered polio drops every year.
  • The Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY) has been approved in March 2006 with the aim of correcting the imbalances in accessibility of inexpensive/ consistent tertiary level healthcare in the country in general and to supplement services for better medical education in the under-served states.
  • Vande Mataram Scheme was launched on 9 February, 2004. The scheme aims to reduce maternal mortality and improving health of women particularly during pregnancy and child birth.
  • Integrated Disease Surveillance Project (IDSP) was started on November 2004. It is a decentralized, state based surveillance programme in the country. It is proposed to detect early caution signals of impending outbreaks.

Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY)

JSF is a Safe motherhood intervention under the NRHM to reduce maternal mortality. JSY was launched in April 2005. Under this yojana, the mother gets Rs. 1000 on the birth of a girl and Rs. 500 on the birth of a boy for sustaining healthier nutrition for the mother and the child. The Scheme aims to reduce death rate and take care of pregnant women. It also give free medical checkup for pregnant woman below poverty line. April 11 is celebrated as 'Janani Suraksha Divas'. It is the birthday of Kasturba Gandhi.

Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA)

The community led total sanitation programme initiated by Govt. of India in 1999 is Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA). The NBA was previously called Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC). The campaigning ambassador of NBA is Vidya Balan. The reward given by NBA to the village that achieves total sanitation is Nirmal Gram Puraskar. First state to achieve 100% sanitation in India is Sikkim.

National Urban Health Mission (NUHM)

NUHM is the sub-mission of National Health Mission approved by the cabinet on 1st May 2013 for providing essential primary health care service to the urban poor.

National Tobacco Control Programme(NTCP)

NTCP was launched in 2007 - 2008. The main objective is to bring about greater awareness about the harmful effect of tobacco use and to facilitate effective implementation of the Tobacco control laws.

Integrated Disease Surveillance Project (IDSP)

The health programme launched with World Bank assistance in November 2004 to detect and respond to disease out breaks quickly.

Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK)

The scheme was launched by Govt. of India in June 2011. JSSK provide absolutely free and cashless delivery to pregnant women who come for delivery in public health institution.

Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram

The new health initiative was launched in February 2013 to provide comprehensive healthcare and improve the quality of life of children from 0 to 18 years.

Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent Girls - Sabla

The sponsored programme of Govt. of India launched in April 1, 2011 to improve girls nutrition and health status and promote awareness about health, hygiene, nutrition, reproductive and sexual health.

Swatch Bharat Abhiyan (SBA)

National level clean India campaign was launched in 2014 by the Govt. of India to clean the streets, roads and infrastructure of India. Swatch Bharat Abhiyan was officially launched on 2nd October 2014. Swatch Bharat Abhiyan was first launched in Rajght, New Delhi. India's biggest ever cleanliness drive is Swatch Bharat Abhiyan. The campaign planned to achieve the vision of `Clean India' by 2nd October 2019 (that marks the 150th birthday of Gandhiji).

Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram (RKSK)

The health programme for adolescents in the age group of 10-19 years, to improve their nutrition, reproductive health etc. RKSK was launched on 7th January 2014.

Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)

ICDS was launched on 2nd October 1975. The scheme was introduced to increase the nutrition and fitness of children in the age group between 0-6 Years. ICDS was launched in the 5th five year plan.

National Programme for Health care of the Elderly (NPHCE)

The Health scheme was launched in 2010-11 in the 11th plan period to address various health related problems of elderly people.

The Reproductive and Child Health Programme (RCH)

The main aim of the programme is to diminish the infant child and maternal mortality rates. RCH was launched in 15th October 1997. RCH II was launched in 1st April 2005

RMCH+A

The health scheme was launched in 2013 to reduce infant and maternal mortality rate and to provide health care and services. The RMCH+A was launched in the 12th Five Year Plan.

National Programme for prevention and Control of Deafness (NPPCD)

It was launched in 2006 -2008. The scheme was launched to prevent the avoidable hearing loss on account of disease or injury.

First in India/World

  • Coronavirus was first reported in world in China. It was first reported in India in Kerala.
  • Bird flu was first reported in the world in Hongkong. Bird flu was first reported in India in Nandurbar (Maharashtra).
  • Swine flu was first reported in the world in Mexico. Swine flu was first reported in India in Hyderabad
  • SARS was first reported in the world in Hongkong. SARS was first reported in India in Goa.
  • AIDS was first reported in the world in USA. AIDS was first reported in India in Chennai.
  • Chikungunia was first reported in the world in Tanzania. Chikungunia was first reported in India in Kolkata.
  • World's largest number of blind is in India.
  • World's largest number of leprosy patients is in India.
  • World's largest diabetes population is in India.
  • World's largest number of TB patients is in India.
  • First complete organ donating village in India is Cherukulathoor (Kozhikode).
  • First complete eye donating village in India is Cherukulathoor (Kozhikode).
  • The state having the highest Maternal mortality rate in India is Assam.
  • The state having the least maternal mortality rate in India is Kerala.
  • The state having the highest infant mortality rate in India is Madhya Pradesh.
  • The state having the least infant mortality rate in India is Kerala.
  • India's first indigenous rotavirus vaccine is Rotavac.
  • India's first indigenous Japanese encephalitis vaccine is Jenvac.
  • The brand ambassador of Mamta Abyiyan' the Madhya Pradesh health departments program to bring down the maternal and infant mortality rates and improve maternal and child health is Madhuri Dixit.
  • The bollywood actor who inaugurated Madhya Pradesh's first 'Medha Mahila Seva Kendra' to provide medical, legal and psychological assistance to harassed women is Aamir Khan.
  • The latest country to become polio free is India. WHO removed India from the list of polio endemic countries in 24th February 2012. The official announcement of India becoming a polio free country was made on February 11, 2014. The last polio case was reported in Howrah (West Bengal in 2011). The other polio endemic countries are Aghanistan, Nigeria, Pakistan.

Medical Research

  • India's first successful liver transplantation was carried out at the Apollo Hospital, Chennai.
  • India's first skin bank is in Bombay.
  • First skin bank in South India is in Chennai.
  • India's first organ bank was set up at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS).
  • India's first National Organ and Tissue Transplantation Organisation (NOTTO) is being set up at Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi .
  • Elisa Test is done to detect AIDS.
  • India's first genetically engineered vaccine for Hepatitis B is Shanvac –B.
  • A radical heart surgery to reduce the size of enlarged heart is Batistia Operation. For the first time it was done in India at the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission.
  • National Heart Transplantation Day is August 3.
  • Name of the world's first test tube calf is Pratham (NDRI, Karnal in December 1990)
  • The first Test Tube Baby born in India is on 1978 October 3, Kolkata. The Doctor is Subash Mukhopadhyay. The Name of the first test tube Baby in India is Baby Durga.
  • First Thalassemia Operation: The bone marrow transplantation, the only medical treatment for thalassemia was performed for the first time in India by Dr Mammen Chandy at CMC, Vellore. Dr Chandy performed four such operations in 1992.
  • AIIMS- All India Institute of medical sciences is in New Delhi.
  • The first surgeon to perform a heart transplantation on human being is Christian Barnard (in 1967)
  • The first surgeon to perform successful heart transplantation in India is Dr. P. Venugopal (in 1994 August 3). The first surgeon to perform successful heart transplantation in Kerala is Jose Chacko Periappuram (2003 May 13).

Important Institutions

  • National Institute of Ayurveda - Jaipur
  • National Institute of Yoga - New Delhi
  • National Institute of Unani Medicine - Bengaluru
  • National Institute of Homeopathy - Kolkata
  • National Institute of Siddha - Chennai
  • Central Drug Laboratories - Kolkata
  • All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health - Kolkata
  • The National Institute of Communicable Diseases - New Delhi
  • The National Institute of Virology - Pune (Maharashtra)

Important Health Days

  • February 4 - World Cancer Day
  • March 24 - World TB Day
  • April 7 - World Health Day
  • April 17 - World Haemophilia Day
  • April 19 - World Liver Day
  • April 25 - World Malaria Day
  • 1st Tuesday in May - World Asthma Day
  • May 8 - World Thalassaemia Day
  • May 28 - International Women Health Day
  • May 31 - Anti-tobacco Day
  • June 8 - World Brian Tumor Day
  • June 14 - World Blood Donation Day
  • September 29 - World Heart Day
  • October 1 - National Voluntary Blood Donation Day
  • October 10 - World Mental Health Day
  • October 24 - World Polio Day
  • October 29 - World Stroke Day
  • November 12 - World Pneumonia Day
  • November 14 - World Diabetes Day
  • December 1 - World AIDS Day
  • December 3 - International Day for Disabled Person
  • December 9 - World Patients Safety Day